Xidhiidhka aan dhamaadka lahayn ee ka dhexeeya corundum cad iyo farsamada mustaqbalka
Qof kasta oo ku jira goobada tignoolajiyadu wuu ogyahay in alaabta cusubi ay yihiin lacag adag. Yaa u malayn lahaakorundum cad, oo u eg sonkorta cad, waxay noqon doontaa " dhiirigeliyaha aan la arki karin " ee kacaanka farsamada mustaqbalka. Laga soo bilaabo chips-ka taleefanka gacanta ilaa qaybaha Mars rover, laga bilaabo kombayuutarrada quantum ilaa aaladaha fiyuuska nukliyeerka ee la xakameeyey, meel kasta ayaa laga heli karaa. Maanta, aynu iska saarno lakabkan jaakad tignoolajiyada ah oo aynu aragno sida ruug cadaagan warshaduhu u sameeyo waxyaalo waaweyn si degan.
1. Hibada “Hiddo-sidaha tignoolajiyada”
Qalabka adag ee udub-dhexaadka ah ee corundum cad ayaa si fudud loogu dhejiyay tiknoolajiyada mustaqbalka. Iyada oo adkaanta Mohs ee 9.0, waa neef keliya oo ka xun dheeman. Warshada mashiinka sawir-qaadista ee Shanghai ayaa samaysay tijaabo barbardhig ah. Qalafsanaanta dusha sare ee tareenada hagaha oo lagu sifeeyay korundum cad waxay gaari kartaa Ra0.008μm. Farsamayaqaan Xiao Li ayaa qabtay qaybta shaqada oo uu bushimaha ka garaacay: "Si sax ah, kaneecadu haddii ay ku dul istaagto ayaa laf jabin doonta!"
Xasiloonida kulaylka ayaa aad uga sii daran. Xogta laga helay shaybaarka isku dhafka nukliyeerka ee la kantaroolay ee Qingdao ayaa muujisay in ceramics-ku-saleysan corundum-ka cad ay u adkeysanayaan heerkul sare oo 2000 ℃ ah 100 saacadood, isbeddelka cabbirkuna wuxuu ka yaraa 0.01%. Cilmi baadhe Lao Wang ayaa salaaxday qolka faakuumka oo yidhi: "Waxyaabahani waxay dul istaagi karaan qorraxda dusheeda laba maalmood!"
2. "Ciyaartoyda Qarsoon" ee Garoonka Semiconductor
Goobta dagaalka ee cabbirka nano-soo-saarka chip-ka, corundum-ka cad ayaa muddo dheer ahaa "daaquud xaaqaya". Warshad wafer ah oo ku taal Taizhou waxay isticmaashay 0.1μm corundum cad oo budo ah si ay u jarto maraqyada silikoon, heerka burburka cidhifka ayaa lagu soo yareeyay 0.2‰. Master Lao Chen waxa uu eegay mikroskoobkii oo qoslay: "Hadda jarista waferrada ayaa ka waxtar badan goynta tofu, heerka wax-soo-saarkuna si toos ah ayuu u gaarayaa 99.98%!"
Tooshka muraayadda mishiinka lithography ayaa xitaa ka sii run ah. Xogta laga helay shaybaadhka Beijing waa daan-dhicis: muraayadda waxa lagu daaweeyaa dareere cad oo nano-polishing corundum, iyo fidsanaanta dusha sare waa ilaa λ/50 mawjadaha. Agaasimaha Farsamada Lao Liu ayaa ishaaray oo yiri: "Saxnimadan waxay la mid tahay in muraayadda lagu rakibo Badweynta Baasifigga!"
3. "King Compression" ee Warshadaha Hawada
Corundum cad ayaa leh go'aanka kama dambaysta ah ee habaynta qaybaha Mars rover. Warshad qalabyada hawada sare oo ku taal Xi'an waxay isticmaashaa taayirrada wax lagu shiido corundum cad si ay u shiiddo garabyada daawaynta titanium, iyo culayska haraaga dusha sare waxaa lagu kontaroolaa ± 5MPa gudahood. Injineer sare Lao Zhang ayaa afkiisa sigaar ku yiri: "Heerkan marka la eego, Musk waa inuu dhaafaa sigaarka si uu talo u weydiiyo!"
Matoorada hawada sare waxay gaareen heerar cusub. Xogta shirkad matoorka duulista ah oo ku taal Chengdu waa mid soo jiidasho leh: cad cad oo dhoobada dhoobada ah, oo leh iska caabin heerkul ah ilaa 1600 ℃. Darawalka tijaabada ee Lao Li ayaa eegay dashboard-ka oo hoos u dhacay: "Waxqabadkan, matoorada jetku waa inay wacaan aabbe!"
4. "Dammaanadda Adkeysiga" ee Jidka Tamarta Cusub
Corundum cad wuxuu aad ugu fiican yahay goynta tiirka baytariga. Warshada batteriga ee Ningde ayaa la cabbiray: iyadoo la isticmaalayo silig ciid ah corundum cad si loo gooyo dahaarka graphene, dhererka burka waxaa lagu xakameynayaa inuu ka hooseeyo 0.5μm. Agaasimaha aqoon-is-weydaarsiga Lao Zhou ayaa salaaxayay unugga baytariyada oo si farxad leh u yidhi: "Cufnaanta tamarta batterigani way ka wanaagsan tahay ta Tesla!"
5. "Dib-u-eegis Tiknoolajiyada Madow" ee Goobta Dagaalka Mustaqbalka
Corundum cad wuxuu ku fiican yahay qaboojinta kombuyuutarrada quantum. Shaybaadh ku yaala Hefei waxa uu sameeyay filim kulaylka cad ee corundum cad oo cabirkiisu yahay 400W/m·K. Cilmi-baaraha Lao Ma ayaa ku faanay: "Hadda kulaylka kuleyliyaha kuleylku wuu ka dhaqso badan yahay marka la isticmaalo balastar qandho!"
Walxaha gidaarka ugu horreeya ee isku-dhafka nukliyeerka waa awood aad u adag. dhoobada dhoobada cad ee machad cilmi baadhiseed oo ku taal Mianyang waxa ay leedahay heerka waxyeelada shucaaca neutron-ka kaas oo 6 jeer ka badan kan alaabta dhaqameed. Injineer sare Lao Zhao ayaa farta ku fiiqay reactor-ka oo yidhi: "Waxyaabahani xaqiiqdii waa ay xasilloonaan doonaan ilaa laga soo saaro reaktarka ganacsiga!"